The southward expansion of the Indus civilization is ascertained by the discovery of over 750 sites belonging to the Harappa culture are in Gujarat. These sites occupy a chronological space starting from the 3660BCE to 1500BCE and are found geographically spread throughout Gujarat in western India. Apart from the natural process of expansion dictated by a technologically and culturally developing society, may of these sites are found located in strategic locations that allowed efficient and productive economic activities based on craft production and agriculture. The emergence of Dholavira and other large urban settlements in Kachchh, and Lothal in Saurashtra suggest a well-knit economic production network co-opting large and small settlements in the region. Recent studies have suggested the role of underlying regional chalcolithic identities in the overall cultural development under the overarching Harappan cultural traditions. While the Harappan material culture essentially exhibits a seemingly common and uniform trend, the regional traditions were able to preserve many of their core regional traits. This was often dictated by cultural and geographical constraints. The underlying dynamism of this cultural process, though complex, is responsible for the variation that we observe in the Harappan material culture in Gujarat.